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There was a time when the species that now inhabit humans’ homes, fields and barnyards didn’t exist. Some have jobs — carrying heavy loads, pulling wagons and plows, and herding other animals. For thousands of years, humans have lived with animals. Exactly how 70 generations of breeding have ingrained friendly or hostile behaviors in the rats’ DNA is a mystery that domestication researchers are trying to solve. Tales of animal and plant domestication are being retold, with some exciting genetic twists. Plus, their fast crypto payouts will have you cashing out in no time.

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Although people were growing an early rice 9,000 to 8,400 years ago, about 60 percent of plants were still dispersing seeds via shattering. But domesticated grains, including rice, wheat, barley, sorghum and millet, have mutations that prevent shattering. The final threshold that separates a fully domesticated crop from a cultivated one is that domesticated plants require human intervention to spread their seeds, Fuller says. People were certainly cultivating rice in India, but that’s just one step in the domestication process. But true domestication probably happened only once — in China, says Dorian Fuller, an archaeobotanist at University College London. So scientists have to extract the story from artifacts and bones or from DNA.

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Many were domesticated before writing was even invented. Perhaps those dogs were part of an early, failed attempt at domestication, she says. The mitochondrial DNA of the Goyet and Russian dogs belongs to a maternal lineage that didn’t leave any modern descendants, researchers reported in Science in 2013. Scientists examined mitochondrial DNA, which is passed from mothers to offspring, to trace maternal lineages of ancient and modern dogs and wolves. Researchers also wrangle over where and how many times it happened.

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• In fact, teosinte looks so different from maize that scientists questioned the link, first proposed in the 1930s, until genetics could prove it more than half a century later.
• Meghan Rosen is a senior writer who reports on the life sciences for Science News.
• EEG has been used in animals in veterinary clinics and in laboratory studies, but Hausberger wanted to bring the tool to the animals’ home turf.
• Tales of animal and plant domestication are being retold, with some exciting genetic twists.
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Human coprophagy doesn’t surface in the zoo team’s review of other animals. For rabbits and a variety of other small animals with plant-rich diets, poop-eating serves as a digestive workaround for not being a cow, whose stomachs have extra compartments. “I had no idea how many baby animals ate their mom’s poop to get microbes to help populate the gut,” says evolutionary biologist Elaine J. Power, now retired in Eugene, Ore. Tallying just the examples from vertebrates reported in scientific journals, the authors document coprophagy in more than 150 species, from adult black bears to baby koalas.

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Until recently, researchers compared DNA from modern domestic animals with that of wild relatives, preferably the wild species that gave rise to the domesticated species. Both paths — scientists are still debating which was more likely for different animals — led to the creation of domesticated species or subspecies genetically distinct from their wild ancestors. That type of facial remodeling is part of the domestication syndrome, which also includes curly tails, floppy ears and other characteristics common among domesticated animals but not wild ones. The aim is to replay domestication to determine the genetic underpinnings that set domesticated animals apart from their wild ancestors. News reports heralded the animals as “scientifically seismic” and said “the dire wolf is back.” Still, some scientists aren’t buying it. Scientists at Colossal Biosciences announced the de-extinction of dire wolves, animals that lived during the Pleistocene.

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• Animal welfare studies assume that animals are sentient, because if they weren’t, talking about their well-being wouldn’t make sense, Mason says.
• Humans must artificially inseminate them, a sign of true domestication.
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• THE ROAD TO TAMENESS  Dogs, perhaps humans’ most familiar friends, share developmental features with many other domesticated beasts.
• ChatGPT has been used to generate introductory sections and abstracts for scientific articles.
• Science News was founded in 1921 as an independent, nonprofit source of accurate information on the latest news of science, medicine and technology.

Locating the cradle orionsbet casino review of most species’ domestication is difficult. Most domesticated mammals, including dogs, tend to have smaller bodies than their wild counterparts, with smaller skulls that have shorter, wider snouts and shorter, lower jaws. It’s also possible the animals were used for fur or meat. Those early dogs may have been used as pack animals to move mammoth carcasses from hunting grounds to living quarters, says Germonpré.

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By January 2023, ChatGPT had become the fastest-growing consumer software application in history, gaining over 100 million users in two months. It is credited with accelerating the AI boom, an ongoing period marked by rapid investment and public attention toward the field of artificial intelligence (AI). Bruce Bower has written about the behavioral sciences for Science News since 1984.
(Foxes bred to be aggressive, on the other hand, are definitely not happy to have people around, much like the fearful rats Cagan encountered at the institute.) In Kukekova’s early visits, about 70 percent of the tame foxes were considered “elite,” aquiver with excitement when people came around. To this day, the only other insect that is domesticated is the honeybee. In China, people began domesticating the larvae of silk moths for the fine, strong threads of their cocoons as early as 7,500 years ago, genetic evidence suggests. One central developmental change — in a temporary clump of cells called the neural crest — may be behind the suite of characteristics known as domestication syndrome. We summarize the week's scientific breakthroughs every Thursday.